金钗石斛多糖对竹乡鸡盲肠菌群的影响研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究金钗石斛多糖对竹乡鸡盲肠菌群的影响，为解析金钗石斛多糖-肠道菌群-宿主健康的互作机制提供理论依据。【方法】选取60只6月龄竹乡鸡，随机分为对照组(CK)和多糖组(DNP)，每组5个重复，每个重复6只鸡。对照组鸡饲喂基础饲粮，多糖组鸡在此基础上灌喂800 mg/kg金钗石斛多糖，饲喂60 d后，从每个重复中选取1只竹乡鸡，采集其盲肠内容物用于16S rRNA高通量测序，并进行Alpha多样性分析、主坐标分析(PCoA)、物种组成分析、物种差异分析和功能预测。【结果】多糖组和对照组鸡Alpha多样性指数差异不显著(P＞0.05)。PERMANOVA分析结果显示，与对照组相比，金钗石斛多糖处理对竹乡鸡肠道菌群形成具有显著影响(P＜0.05)。竹乡鸡肠道微生物群落中，门水平上由拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)等6个优势菌门组成，属水平上由拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和理研菌科RC9肠道菌群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)等23个优势菌属组成。与对照组相比，金钗石斛多糖处理显著提高了竹乡鸡盲肠微生物中克里斯滕森氏菌科R-7菌群(Christensenellaceae_R-7_group)和UCG-005等有益菌的丰度(P＜0.05)，显著降低了肠球菌属(Enterococcus)和弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)等潜在有害菌的丰度(P＜0.05)。KEGG通路富集显示，竹乡鸡盲肠菌群主要富集在代谢途径。【结论】金钗石斛多糖可以调节竹乡鸡盲肠菌群结构，通过提高norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group等有益菌丰度，降低肠球菌属等有害菌的丰度，从而优化肠道微生态平衡，促进竹乡鸡健康生长。

关键词: 竹乡鸡; 金钗石斛多糖; 16S rRNA; 盲肠菌群

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide on the cecal microbiota of Zhuxiang chickens,providing a theoretical basis for analyzing the mechanism of the polysaccharide-gut microbiota-host health interaction. 【Method】 Sixty 6-month-old Zhuxiang chickens were randomly divided into control (CK) and polysaccharide (DNP) groups,with 5 replicates per group (6 chickens each).Chickens in CK group were fed basal diet,while chickens in DNP group were fed a diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg Dendrobium nobile polysaccharides.After 60 days of feeding,one chicken per replicate had been selected,and their cecal contents were collected for 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.Alpha diversity,principal coordinate analysis (PCoA),taxonomic composition,differential species,and functional prediction analysis were performed. 【Result】 There was no significant difference of Alpha diversity index between DNP and CK groups (P＞0.05).PERMANOVA analysis results indicated that compared with control group,Dendrobium nobile polysaccharides treatment had a significant effect on the formation of the intestinal microbiota in Zhuxiang chickens (P＜0.05).In the gut microbiota of Zhuxiang chickens,there were six dominant phyla at the phylum level,such as Bacteroidota and Firmicutes,and 23 dominant genera at the genus level,such as Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group.Compared with control group,Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide treatment significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and UCG-005 in cecal microorganisms of Zhuxiang chickens (P＜0.05),and significantly decreased the abundance of potentially harmful bacteria such as Enterococcus and Campylobacter (P＜0.05).KEGG pathway annotation results showed that the cecal microbiota of Zhuxiang chickens were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways. 【Conclusion】 Dendrobium nobile polysaccharides could regulate the cecal microbiota structure of Zhuxiang chickens.By increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group and reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Enterococcus,it could optimize the intestinal microecological balance and promote the healthy growth of Zhuxiang chickens.

Key words: Zhuxiang chickens; Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide; 16S rRNA; cecal microbiota

中图分类号:

S816.7

谭启松, 李辉, 龙霞, 杨金林, 冯港, 周北大. 金钗石斛多糖对竹乡鸡盲肠菌群的影响研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5087-5099.

TAN Qisong, LI Hui, LONG Xia, YANG Jinlin, FENG Gang, ZHOU Beida. Effects of Dendrobium nobile Polysaccharide on Cecal Microbiot of Zhuxiang Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5087-5099.

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