马胎盘滋养层细胞研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 马属动物妊娠过程中，滋养层细胞在胚胎附植、母胎界面血管重塑及母体与胎儿之间营养和气体交换等生理过程中发挥重要作用。鉴于马胚胎在子宫内迁移时间较长，笔者简述了马胚胎滋养层细胞在胚胎定位、妊娠识别及维持妊娠中的生物学意义，并通过阐述类固醇激素、生长因子及免疫细胞因子等因素对滋养层细胞的调控机制，以期揭示其对滋养层细胞生物学活性的影响。目前，有关马滋养层细胞的研究仍不完善，未来可考虑利用单细胞测序、类器官培养等新技术来揭示其发育调控模式。同时，结合多组学分析，筛选出可用于早期妊娠诊断的生物标志物，以提高马胚胎的存活率和繁殖效率。此外，根据马属动物的生殖特性，使用针对性的营养调控策略和免疫干预方法，可为改善马繁殖性能提供新思路。

关键词: 马; 滋养层细胞; 早期妊娠; 胎盘形成; 调控机制

Abstract: During the gestation period of equine animals,trophoblast cells play a crucial role in various physiological processes such as embryo implantation,vascular remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface,and the exchange of nutrients and gases between the mother and the fetus.Due to the long period of migration of equine embryos within the uterus,the author briefly described the biological significance of equine embryo trophoblast cells in embryo positioning,pregnancy recognition,and maintaining pregnancy.Through elaborating on the regulatory mechanisms of steroid hormones,growth factors,and immune cytokines on trophoblast cells,the aim is to reveal their effects on the biological activity of trophoblast cells.At present,the research on equine trophoblast cells is still not complete.In the future,it may be possible to utilize new technologies such as single-cell sequencing and organoid culture to reveal the developmental regulatory patterns of these cells.Meanwhile,through multi-omics analysis,biomarkers suitable for early pregnancy diagnosis were identified to enhance the survival rate and reproductive efficiency of equine embryos.Furthermore,based on the reproductive characteristics of equine animals,the application of targeted nutritional regulation strategies and immune intervention methods can provide new ideas for improving the reproductive performance of horses.

Key words: horse; trophoblast cells; early pregnancy; placenta formation; regulatory mechanisms

中图分类号:

S821.3

阿斯雅, 斯琴, 伊敏娜, 温鑫, 格日乐其木格. 马胎盘滋养层细胞研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5063-5073.

HAO Asiya, MU Siqin, YI Minna, WEN Xin, BOU Gerelchimeg. Research Progress on Trophoblast Cells of Horse Placenta[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5063-5073.

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