不同运动性能伊犁马80 km耐力赛能量代谢特征差异研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同运动性能伊犁马参加80 km耐力赛血浆能量代谢物的差异性。【方法】选择18匹参与80 km耐力赛的伊犁马，根据完赛情况及心率恢复能力，将马分为优秀组(完赛且心率合格)、普通组(完赛但心率恢复延迟)和较差组(未完赛)，每组各6匹。在赛前静息状态及赛后10 min内进行颈静脉采血并分离血浆，基于液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)对血浆样本进行非靶向代谢组学检测，筛选不同运动性能伊犁马能量差异代谢物并进行通路富集分析。【结果】优秀组伊犁马血浆中L-天冬氨酸、异柠檬酸、DL-3-苯乳酸、二磷酸鸟苷、顺式乌头酸、衣康酸等11种能量差异代谢物含量相较普通组和较差组显著上调，乙醇酸含量显著下调。赛前优秀组伊犁马血浆中L-天冬氨酸、丝氨酸含量相较赛后优秀组显著上调，异柠檬酸、DL-3-苯乳酸、衣康酸、顺式乌头酸、酰脲丙酸等15种代谢物含量相较赛后优秀组显著下调。能量差异代谢物主要富集于泛酸和辅酶A(CoA)的生物合成代谢通路、β-丙氨酸代谢通路、C5支链二羧酸代谢通路及赖氨酸生物合成代谢通路。【结论】不同组间及优秀组伊犁马赛前赛后能量差异代谢物衣康酸、异柠檬酸、DL-3-苯乳酸、顺式乌头酸含量均有显著差异，表明其是影响耐力运动的差异代谢物，能够作为潜在的生物标记物。能量差异代谢物主要富集于泛酸和CoA的生物合成代谢通路、β-丙氨酸代谢通路、C5支链二羧酸代谢通路及赖氨酸生物合成代谢通路。

关键词: 伊犁马; 能量代谢; 耐力运动

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to explore the difference of plasma energy metabolites in Yili horses with different exercise performances in an 80 km endurance race. 【Method】 Eighteen Yili horses participating in an 80 km endurance race were selected.According to their race completion status and heart rate recovery ability,the horses were divided into three groups:Excellent group (finished the race with a qualified heart rate),normal group (finished the race but with delayed heart rate recovery),and poor group (did not finish the race),with 6 horses in each group.Cervical venous blood samples were collected at rest before the race and within 10 minutes after the race,and plasma was prepared.Non-targeted metabolomics detection was performed on the plasma samples using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to screen for differential energy metabolites in Yili horses with different exercise performances and conduct pathway enrichment analysis. 【Result】 The contents of 11 energy differential metabolites such as L-aspartic acid,isocitric acid,DL-3-phenyllactic acid,guanosine diphosphate,cis-aconitic acid and itaconic acid in plasma of Yili horses in excellent group were significantly higher than those in normal and poor groups,while the content of glycolic acid was significantly lower than that in normal and poor groups.The contents of L-aspartic acid and serine in plasma of Yili horses at pre-race in excellent group were significantly up-regulated compared with those at post-race,and the contents of 15 metabolites such as isocitric acid,DL-3-phenyllactic acid,itaconic acid,cis-aconitic acid and ureidopropionic acid were significantly down-regulated.The energy differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis,β-alanine,C5 branched dicarboxylic acid and lysine biosynthesis. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in the contents of energy differential metabolites such as itaconic acid,isocitric acid,DL-3-phenyllactic acid and cis-aconitic acid among different groups and between pre-race and post-race in excellent group,indicating that they were differential metabolites affecting endurance exercise and could be used as potential biomarkers.The energy differential metabolites were mainly enriched in pantothenic acid and CoA biosynthesis metabolic pathway,β-alanine metabolic pathway,C5 branched dicarboxylic acid metabolic pathway and lysine biosynthesis metabolic pathway.

Key words: Yili horses; energy metabolism; endurance exercise

中图分类号:

S821.1

黄金龙, 欧阳文, 衡士兵, 王彤亮, 黄云江, 胡傲贇, 彭宣, 孟军, 姚新奎, 王建文, 任万路, 曾亚琦. 不同运动性能伊犁马80 km耐力赛能量代谢特征差异研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5040-5052.

HUANG Jinlong, OUYANG Wen, HENG Shibing, WANG Tongliang, HUANG Yunjiang, HU Aoyun, PENG Xuan, MENG Jun, YAO Xinkui, WANG Jianwen, REN Wanlu, ZENG Yaqi. Study on Difference of Energy Metabolism Characterization in Yili Horses with Different Exercise Performances in an 80 km Endurance Race[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5040-5052.

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